Jede Quelle wurde einzeln gelesen und verifiziert; nur belegte Aussagen werden im Portal ausgespielt.
Neben jeder Quelle steht, wie aussagekräftig sie ist. Die Einstufung richtet sich nach der Art der Untersuchung — nicht danach, ob uns das Ergebnis gefällt.
Wichtig: Auch ein „Hinweis“ kann fachlich korrekt und relevant sein — die Kennzeichnung sagt, wie belastbar eine Aussage ist, nicht, ob sie stimmt. Umgekehrt macht ein starker Beleg eine Aussage nicht automatisch auf jeden Einzelfall übertragbar.
Antidepressant mechanisms of ketamine
Review 2023 · Front. Neurosci.
Rapid Antidepressant Effects – Molecular Neuroplasticity
Syst. Review 2022 · Front. Psychiatry
Novel Insights Into the Neurobiology
Mini-Review 2021 · Front. Behav. Neurosci.
Uncovering the Underlying Mechanisms
Review 2021 · Front. Pharmacol.
Ketamine may block NMDA receptors in astrocytes
Hypothese 2012 · Front. Synaptic Neurosci.
S-ketamine, Glutamat im ACC und BDNF
Exp. klinisch 2025 · Front. Psychiatry
Multiscale View – Neuronal Calcium Signaling
Mini-Review 2021 · Front. Behav. Neurosci.
Beyond NMDA Receptors
Narr. Review 2025 · PMC
Overview of Reviews, uni-/bipolar
Dach-Review 2024 · Front. Psychiatry
Dose-dependent adverse events of esketamine
Meta-Analyse 2026 · Front. Pharmacol.
Intranasal esketamine, akut + Erhaltung
Syst. Review/Meta 2026 · Front. Psychiatry
Intranasal Ketamine for Depression
Syst. Review/Meta 2021 · Front. Psychology
Hype or hope? High placebo response
Syst. Review/Meta 2024 · Front. Psychiatry
Ketamine for TRD – updated review (Edmonton)
Review + Praxis 2023 · Front. Psychiatry
Comparative safety ketamine vs esketamine
Syst. Review/Meta 2025 · Front. Pharmacol.
Esketamine response – Pharmacogenetic pilot
Pilot-Kohorte 2026 · Front. Pharmacol.
Single/Serial Ketamine for Bipolar Depression
Syst. Review/Meta 2023 · PMC
Rapid neuroplasticity changes (DTI)
RCT sekundaer 2023 · PMC
Daily IV ketamine over three days
Pilot-RCT 2024 · PMC
International pooled patient-level meta-analysis
IPD-Meta 2022 · PMC
Su et al., Midazolam-kontrolliert, TRD + Suizid
RCT 2023 · PMC
Two-Site RCT TRD (Murrough)
RCT 2013 · Am J Psychiatry
Plasma VEGF and antisuicidal effects
Real-World-Kohorte 2022 · Front. Psychiatry
Repeated ketamine RCT chronic PTSD (Feder)
RCT 2021 · Am J Psychiatry
CAP Veteranen-Multicenter-RCT (Abdallah)
RCT Preprint 2021 · medRxiv
Ketamine in Substance Use Disorders
Syst. Review 2018 · Front. Psychiatry
Treating addiction – the ketamine paradox
Review 2026 · Front. Psychiatry
Ketamine in AUD and withdrawal
Scoping Review 2023 · Front. Psychiatry
Ketamine in OUD and opioid withdrawal
Scoping Review 2025 · Front. Psychiatry
Effect on cognition, anxiety, social functioning
Syst. Review/Meta 2022 · Front. Neurosci.
Comorbid depression and pain
Syst. Review 2022 · PMC
Ketamine for cancer pain
Syst. Review RCTs 2024 · PMC
Dissociative symptoms with intravenous ketamine in treatment-resistant depression: exploratory observational study
Obs. Studie 2021 · Medicine (Baltimore)
Ketamine treatment for depression: a review
Review 2022 · Discover Mental Health
Ketamine — StatPearls (Kontraindikationen & Vorsichtshinweise)
StatPearls 2024 · NCBI Bookshelf (StatPearls)
NMDA Receptor Hypofunction Produces Opposite Effects on Prefrontal Cortex Interneurons and Pyramidal Neurons (Homayoun & Moghaddam)
2007 · J. Neurosci.
Cellular mechanisms underlying the antidepressant effects of ketamine: role of AMPA receptors (Maeng et al.)
2008 · Biol. Psychiatry
mTOR-dependent synapse formation underlies the rapid antidepressant effects of NMDA antagonists (Li et al.)
2010 · Science
NMDA receptor blockade at rest triggers rapid behavioural antidepressant responses (Autry et al.)
2011 · Nature
Ketamine: Current applications in anesthesia, pain, and critical care
Kurdi et al. 2014 · Anesthesia, Essays and Researches
The diverse effects of ketamine, jack-of-all-trades: a narrative review
2025 · British Journal of Anaesthesia
Efficacy and safety of a 4-week course of repeated subcutaneous ketamine injections for treatment-resistant depression (KADS study) (Loo et al.)
2023 · Br. J. Psychiatry
At-home, telehealth-supported ketamine treatment for depression (Mindbloom real-world data)
2024 · Journal of Affective Disorders
Spravato (Esketamin) Nasenspray — EU-Zulassung (EPAR, European Medicines Agency)
2019 · European Medicines Agency (EMA) / Europäische Kommission
Systematic review and meta-analysis of ketamine-associated uropathy (Chan et al.)
Chan et al. 2022 · Hong Kong Medical Journal
Urological symptoms following ketamine treatment for psychiatric disorders: A systematic review (Kerr-Gaffney et al.)
Kerr-Gaffney et al. 2025 · Journal of Psychopharmacology
Taming the ketamine tiger — Nachdruck der Erstbeschreibung von 1965 (Domino, Chodoff & Corssen)
Domino 2010 (Original 1965) · Anesthesiology 113(3):678-84